What is the meaning of um?

We make hesitation noises and tiny pauses in conversation all the time, but what’s the meaning behind them? And is it true that different cultures have different tolerances for silence?

We’re talking to conversational scholar — and author of How We Talk — Nick Enfield on this episode of Talk the Talk.


Listen to this episode

Download this episode

You can listen to all the episodes of Talk the Talk by pasting this URL into your podlistener.

http://danielmidgley.com/talkthetalk/talk_classic.xml

Promo

Promo with Rewi Lyall, 2018-05-29: Pauses

For a pause, how long is too long? Radio people are very sensitive to even the tiniest pause, but Rewi shares some of his expertise.

Also at https://www.patreon.com/posts/19095574


Animation

by the Mystery Animator


Full interview: Simeon Floyd

Interview with Simeon Floyd (complete)

Daniel chats with researcher Simeon Floyd about his new paper on thanking. Thanking isn’t as common as you’d think, but we still do it a lot in English, compared to other languages. So what has the team noticed? 

Thanks to Simeon, and to all our patrons.

Also at https://www.patreon.com/posts/19053078


Full interview: Nick Enfield

Interview with Nick Enfield (complete)

Here’s the complete audio of Daniel chatting with Nick Enfield, author of the book How We Talk. We make hesitation noises and tiny pauses in conversation all the time, but what’s the meaning behind them? Is it true that different cultures have different tolerances for silence? And how is this work being received among scholars who haven’t considered this to be worth studying?

Thanks to Nick, and to all our patrons.

Also at https://www.patreon.com/posts/19055564


Cutting Room Floor

Cutting Room Floor 327

The Talk the Talk team has been engaging in some unsavoury pursuits, like running and wearing unconventional jacketry, and Ben is not having any. And Hedvig is having trouble with English politeness routines. At least Wire will get us through.

Bonus word of the week! (But it’s sweary.) How did the meaning of “fuck it” find its way into a court case?

Also at https://www.patreon.com/posts/cutting-room-327-19329400


Patreon supporters

This episode was brought to you by these great patrons:

  • Jerry
  • Termy
  • Helen
  • Jack
  • Matt

Thanks, all! Your encouragement helps a lot.

We’re Because Language now, and you can become a Patreon supporter!
Depending on your level, you can get bonus episodes, mailouts, shoutouts, come to live episodes, and of course have membership in our Discord community.

Become a Patron!

Show notes

Unspoken cooperation more important than saying ‘thank you’
https://sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2018/05/23/unspoken-cooperation-more-important-than-saying–thank-you-.html

Floyd, et al.: Universals and cultural diversity in the expression of gratitude
http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/5/5/180391

Think You Always Say Thank You? Oh, Please
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/22/arts/23thank-you.html

Google just gave a stunning demo of Assistant making an actual phone call
https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/8/17332070/google-assistant-makes-phone-call-demo-duplex-io-2018

Exclusive: Google’s Duplex could make Assistant the most lifelike AI yet
https://www.cnet.com/features/google-assistant-duplex-at-io-could-become-the-most-lifelike-ai-voice-assistant-yet/

Google’s AI sounds like a human on the phone — should we be worried?
https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/9/17334658/google-ai-phone-call-assistant-duplex-ethical-social-implications

Google Assistant making calls pretending to be human not only without disclosing that it’s a bot, but adding “ummm” and “aaah” to deceive the human on the other end with the room cheering it… horrifying. Silicon Valley is ethically lost, rudderless and has not learned a thing.

— zeynep tufekci (@zeynep) 9 May 2018

Google now says controversial AI voice calling system will identify itself to humans
https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/10/17342414/google-duplex-ai-assistant-voice-calling-identify-itself-update

Google says it’s designing Duplex with ‘disclosure built-in’
https://www.cnet.com/news/google-says-its-designing-duplex-with-disclosure-built-in/

Professor Nick Enfield
http://sydney.edu.au/arts/staff/profiles/nick.enfield.php

How We Talk: The Inner Workings of Conversation
https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/n-j-enfield/how-we-talk/9780465059942/

A linguist explains how Sophia the robot does—and doesn’t—talk like us
https://qz.com/1223179/linguist-nick-enfield-analyses-how-sophia-the-robot-does-and-doesnt-talk-like-us/

Um, Uh, Huh? Are These Words Clues To Understanding Human Language?
https://www.npr.org/sections/13.7/2017/11/13/563715578/um-uh-huh-are-these-words-clues-to-understanding-human-language

How we talk
http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/drawingroom/how-we-talk/9224230

Ahem, you have “nano” in your bio. That is 100% synonymous with bs.

— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) 24 May 2018

Online Etymology Dictionary: nano-
https://www.etymonline.com/word/nano-

Nanotech Buzz
https://medium.com/@upulie/nanotech-buzz-2d2d6f63d27

Scientists are roasting Elon Musk for his comments on nanotechnology
https://www.indy100.com/article/elon-musk-nanotechnology-scientists-roasting-twitter-tesla-spacex-8370466

I read a tweet by Elon musk yesterday where he was being a complete jerk to Upulie Divisekera, a nanotechnologist. He claimed that she had nano in her bio, ‘which is 100% synonymous with BS’. Let me assume that BS = bullshit.
Today, I’m at a seminar where senior people from 3M,

— AB (@ajit_bhaskar) 25 May 2018

Nanotechnology Applications: A Variety of Uses
http://www.understandingnano.com/nanotech-applications.html

Benefits and Applications
https://www.nano.gov/you/nanotechnology-benefits

Know Your Meme: Yesn’t
http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/yesnt

Petition: Change the word “No” in the English language to “Yesn’t” (Yesnt)
https://www.change.org/p/me-change-the-word-no-in-the-english-language-to-yesn-t

Facebook: Yesn’t
https://www.facebook.com/yesn0t/

“F*** it”: Federal Court throws the (grammar) book at Westpac over unconscionable rate-rigging attempt
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-05-25/westpac-rate-rigging-case-depended-on-use-of-f-word/9796678

Westpac: We didn’t try to f–k the BBSW
http://www.afr.com/business/banking-and-finance/financial-services/westpac-we-didnt-try-to-fk-the-bbsw-20171122-gzr3ht

Commonwealth Bank boss Ian Narev says sorry for multi-million-dollar financial planning scandal
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-07-03/commonwealth-bank-responds-to-financial-planning-inquiry/5568504

Westpac claims win in rate rigging case
https://www.afr.com/business/banking-and-finance/westpac-wins-bbsw-interest-rate-rigging-case-20180523-h10gyn#yQaVcRZvlgHdMI6M.99

Westpac engaged in unconscionable conduct but failed to rig BBSW interest rate, court finds
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-05-24/westpac-rate-rigging-case/9794944


Transcript

We’re working our way back through the archives. If you think we should prioritise a transcript of this episode, let us know!